Newton's Laws and Classical Mechanics
102 flashcards by MentisLibrary
Newton's three laws, gravitation, friction, momentum and collisions, work and energy, kinematics and projectiles, circular motion, rotation and moments of inertia, and simple harmonic motion, with each formula's symbols spelled out. For introductory college and AP physics students.
- What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
- An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force
- What is Newton's Second Law of Motion?
- F = ma
- What is Newton's Third Law of Motion?
- For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
- What is the formula for weight?
- W = mg
- What is the formula for gravitational force between two masses?
- F = Gm₁m₂/r²
- What is the value of the gravitational constant?
- G = 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²
- What is the formula for normal force on horizontal surface?
- N = mg
- What is the formula for normal force on an incline?
- N = mg cos(θ)
- What is the formula for kinetic friction?
- fk = μk N
- What is the formula for maximum static friction?
- fs
- How do the coefficients of friction compare?
- μs > μk
- What is the formula for centripetal force?
- Fc = mv²/r
- What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?
- ac = v²/r
- What is the relationship between linear and angular velocity?
- v = ωr
- What is the formula for momentum?
- p = mv
- What is the law of conservation of momentum?
- The total momentum of a closed system stays constant: the sum of the momenta before an interaction equals the sum after.
- What is the impulse-momentum theorem?
- J = Δp = FΔt
- What is the formula for elastic collision in 1D (equal masses)?
- Velocities exchange
- What is the formula for perfectly inelastic collision?
- m₁v₁i + m₂v₂i = (m₁ + m₂)vf
- What is the coefficient of restitution?
- e = (v₂f - v₁f)/(v₁i - v₂i)
- What is the formula for work done by constant force?
- W = F·d = Fd cos(θ)
- What is the work-energy theorem?
- Wnet = ΔKE
- What is the formula for kinetic energy?
- KE = ½mv²
- What is the formula for gravitational potential energy near Earth's surface?
- PE = mgh
- What is the general formula for gravitational potential energy?
- PE = -Gm₁m₂/r
- What is the formula for elastic potential energy?
- PE = ½kx²
- What is the law of conservation of mechanical energy?
- KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf
- What is the formula for power?
- P = W/t = F·v
- What is the formula for average velocity?
- vavg = Δx/Δt
- What is the formula for instantaneous velocity?
- v = dx/dt