Hindi Basics
117 flashcards by MentisLibrary
Every Devanagari vowel and consonant with the matra that goes with it, then the words and phrases you actually need, each marked masculine or feminine and written with transliteration.
- अ
- The vowel a. A short neutral sound like the a in about.
- आ
- The vowel aa. Long, like the a in father.
- इ
- The vowel i. Short, like the i in sit.
- ई
- The vowel ee. Long, like the ee in meet.
- उ
- The vowel u. Short, like the u in put.
- ऊ
- The vowel oo. Long, like the oo in boot.
- ऋ
- A vowel usually pronounced ri in modern Hindi.
- ए
- The vowel e. Long, like the ay in day without the glide.
- ऐ
- The vowel ai. In most of India it is an open e, close to the a in cat.
- ओ
- The vowel o. Long, like the o in go without the glide.
- औ
- The vowel au. An open o, close to the aw in law.
- क
- The consonant ka. Like k in skip, without the puff of air.
- ख
- The consonant kha. K with a strong puff of air after it.
- ग
- The consonant ga. Like g in go.
- घ
- The consonant gha. A breathy g.
- ङ
- The nasal nga, like the ng in sing.
- च
- The consonant cha. Like ch in chair, unaspirated.
- छ
- The consonant chha. Ch with a strong puff of air.
- ज
- The consonant ja. Like j in jam.
- झ
- The consonant jha. A breathy j.
- ञ
- The nasal nya, like the ny in canyon.
- ट
- The retroflex Ta. T made with the tongue curled back to the roof of the mouth.
- ठ
- The retroflex Tha. Curled-back t with a puff of air.
- ड
- The retroflex Da. D made with the tongue curled back.
- ढ
- The retroflex Dha. A breathy curled-back d.
- ण
- The retroflex Na.
- त
- The dental ta. T with the tongue tip on the upper teeth, softer than English t.
- थ
- The dental tha. Dental t with a puff of air.
- द
- The dental da. D with the tongue on the teeth.
- ध
- The dental dha. A breathy dental d.